Effect of aerobic exercise training in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis: a narrative review Doi: https://doi.org/10.55522/jhpo.V3I2.0061

Abstract

Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is a spinal deformity characterized by a lateral curvature of 10 degrees or more, typically emerging during adolescence. This condition can impair respiratory function and reduce muscle strength due to limited physical activity. Aerobic exercise has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy to improve lung capacity and cardiovascular fitness in this population. This narrative review examines the effects of aerobic training on pulmonary function, exercise capacity, and quality of life in adolescents with AIS. Relevant studies evaluating structured aerobic interventions were analyzed to assess changes in lung function parameters, exertion levels, and functional exercise performance. The reviewed literature consistently shows that aerobic exercise leads to significant improvements in forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume, and endurance as measured by tests such as the 6-minute walk. Participants also reported reduced perceived exertion and enhanced overall exercise tolerance. These findings suggest that incorporating aerobic exercise into rehabilitation programs can improve respiratory efficiency and physical performance in adolescents with AIS. Additionally, aerobic training may contribute positively to psychological well-being and quality of life, addressing both physical and emotional challenges associated with scoliosis. While the evidence supports the benefits of aerobic exercise, variations in study design and short follow-up periods highlight the need for further research to establish standardized protocols and long-term outcomes. Overall, aerobic exercise appears to be a safe, effective, and practical adjunct therapy in managing AIS, with potential to improve both physiological function and patient quality of life.