Prevalence of knee osteoarthritis among males and females in rural area using ACR criteria an observational cross-sectional study. Doi: https://doi.org/10.55522/jhpo.V3I4.0080

Abstract

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint problem that causes pain, stiffness, and trouble in walking, especially in older people. It mostly affects women and is often linked with age and obesity. Knowing how common OA is can help in early treatment and prevention. Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis among the selected population and to analyze its association with risk factors such as age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). This study was done on 100 people from a rural area. Out of them, 60 had knee OA (positive ACR criteria) and 40 did not have OA (negative ACR). Information about age, gender, BMI, and symptoms like pain, stiffness, and swelling was collected and studied. Out of 100 participants, 34 (34%) were males and 66 (66%) were females, showing that females had a higher number of knee OA cases. The most affected age group was 61–70 years (33%), followed by 51–60years (20%). According to ACR criteria, 60 participants (60%) had knee OA, and 40 (40%) were negative for OA. Common symptoms among those with OA were knee pain (60%), morning stiffness (60%), and bony tenderness (60%). Crepitus was present in 46%, bony enlargement in 23%, and no palpable warmth in 30% of participants. Based on BMI, 38% were Obese Class I, 27% were Overweight, and 28% were in the Normal range, showing a strong link between obesity and knee OA. Obesity was more common among females. The study showed that knee osteoarthritis is more common in females (66%) than in males (34%), especially in older adults aged 61–70 years. Higher BMI was strongly linked to OA, showing that obesity increases the risk. The findings highlight the importance of early detection, weight control, lifestyle changes, and physiotherapy to reduce the risk and manage symptoms, especially among women in rural areas.